New ideas for improving the quality of feed crushing machine
Posted by Animall Feed Blok Making Machine | updatetime 2020-07-15 17:02
Feed crushing machine is a kind of mechanical product that uses electric motor or diesel engine as power to process fine feed for livestock, poultry and other animals or to process granular materials into powder materials. The people who use feed crushing machinery are farmers in the vast rural areas. The technical content of the products is generally not high, the market concentration is low, the production enterprises are mainly small enterprises, the cultural level of the production personnel is generally not high, and the production equipment is relatively simple. If the factory's production conditions are not strictly controlled, it is easy to cause potential dengers, resulting in personal injury. How to deal with the game relationship between quality and cost has always been an importent problem that plagued enterprises. Therefore, how to guide enterprises to control product quality costs, improve product quality levels, and improve the overal industry level i supervision and mangement is of greant significance.
According to the current development status of feed crushing machinery products, the quality cost control method suitable for feed crushing machinery production enterprises should have clear key points, easy to operate, and effective features. The following author combines the basic concepts of quality cost, production and inspection key. The link puts forward ideas and methods to guide enterprises to conduct quality cost analysis.
The main concept of quality cost
1. Basic terms and definitions
Quality cost is also is calld "prevention, assessment, failure classification" (that is, PAF method), which refers to all the expenses that companies spend to ensure and improve the quality of product quality standards, they cannot meet users and consumption. All losses incurred by the need. Quality costs generally include: all work done to ensure consistent requirements is called consistent cost, and all work caused by non- compliance is called inconsistent cost. The costs caused by these word mainly include: prevention cost, identification cost, internal loss cost and External loss costs. Among them, prevention cost and identification cost and consistent costs, while internal loss costs and external loss costs, also called failure costs, are inconsistent costs.
2. Quality cost curve
Generally speaking, as the product quality level (qualification rate) changes, the consistent cost changes with it, and the inconsistent cost changes with it, and the inconsistant cost changes in the opposite direction. In theory, there is an optimal balance between the two, so that the quality cost of the product is the lowest. The cost point corresponding to the quality level with the lowest quality cost is called he best quality cost point, and the corresponding quality level is th best quality level. The qualitycost curve of feed crushing machinery production enterprises that have obtained production licenses, when there is a problem with product safety quality and main performance quality, the cost of external losses increases sigificantly higher han any part of consistent costs and internal losses, which shows that the company continues to be stable. The production of qualified products is not only the basic requirement of the production license system for feed crushing machinery production enterprises, but also the internal demand for the survival and development of enterprises.
Quality cost management method
1. Quality cost management ideas
Borrowing the experience of quality cost management in other industries, the management ideas suitable for the quality cost of feed crushing machinery mainly include the following parts:
One is to set quality cost targets. Generally, the quality cost target should be determined based on the product qualification rate and operating cost of procurement, producion inspection, quality control, sales and the theoretical best quality cost; considering the determined initially based on the experience of management personnel quantitative goal of quality cost.
The second is the quality cost accounting. quality cost accounting comprehensively reflectts the status and effectiveness of enteprise quality management activities in the form of currency, including: First, the collection and statistics of quality cost data. The general prevention cost and identification cost date. The general prevention cost and identification cost data are counted by the relevant quality inspection department, product development, production and other relevant departments within the enterprise; the internal quality loss cost data is calculated by the quality inspection department and workshop within the enterprise based on the waste report and production rework statistics; external quality loss Cost data is counted by marketing, sales and service departments. Second, the accounting of quality costs. The accounting of enterprise quality costs belongs to the category of management accounting.
2. Solve difficult problems
For feed mill machinery production enterprises, quality cost is a comprehensive problem. It is a difficult problem to find quality cost management problems, clarify the causes, and propose improvement measures. In order to conveniently and intuitively find the causes and propose improvement measures based on actual data, the following further classifications of prevention costs, identification costs, internal loss costs and external loss costs are as follows:
The detailed classification of prevention costs includes: quality management system establishment, maintenance and improvement costs, equipment purchase, maintenance costs, quality training costs, process control costs;
The detailed classification of appraisal costs includes: raw material inspection costs, product inspection costs during production, and factory inspection costs;
The breakdown of internal loss costs includes: waste loss, rework loss, product degradation loss, shutdown loss;
The detailed classification of external loss costs includes: warranty costs, return and replacement costs, claims costs, product discount costs.
In addition, in order to help feed crushing machinery production enterprises to clarify the impact of typical quality cost events on quality costs, combined with typical quality cost events in the company's actual business activities, the causes and improvement measures were analyzed. The detailed analysis is as follows:
First, the technical and economical efficiency of the processing method is poor. It is common that the processing method does not meet the output requirements. For example, the surface roughness of the main journal needs to be processed by a grinder, but it is processed by lathe finishing. Generally, the economics of technology can be improved by adding necessary equipment and improving processing methods.
Secondly, the inspection pass rate of parts processed by outsourcing or outsourcing is too low. Generally, it is caused by the poor quality control of the supplier, such as the hammer and the screen of the machine. Generally, the suppliers of parts and components that are externally contracted or purchased can be re-evaluated and re-selected.
Third, the raw materials and parts cannot meet the processing requirements. Generally, it is due to the lack of inspection or strict inspection of the materials, geometric dimensions, assembly dimensions, etc. of the raw materials or components, such as the inspection of the carbon content of steel and the inspection of the machining allowance of shaft blanks. Generally, it can be improved by strengthening supplier evaluation and inspection.
Fourth, the processed parts can not meet the assembly requirements. Generally, it is due to insufficient professional level of machining personnel, electric welders, electricians, founders and other production personnel, or the product sampling inspection ratio is too low or the quality control point is not strictly controlled, which is likely to cause the main bearing installation hole size to be too large or too Small, poor coaxiality and other issues. It can be improved by increasing the production and inspection capabilities of personnel or by increasing the proportion of sampling.
Fifth, the accuracy of the equipment is reduced. Generally, it is caused by insufficient maintenance of the equipment or a decrease in accuracy during normal use of the equipment. It can be improved by strengthening the maintenance of instruments and equipment, or purchasing and replacing production equipment and inspection instruments.
Six is the improper operation of the equipment. It is generally due to insufficient training in personnel operation skills. It can be improved and improved by strengthening the training of instrument users.
Seventh, the warranty replacement cost of wearing parts and main parts is increased. Generally, it may be due to unreasonable product design, product raw materials and spare parts procurement have not been inspected in the factory, the inspection is not strict, or the sampling rate of the factory inspection is low, there are problems in the production and inspection of product parts, or problems in factory quality control, etc. Cause. You can find the reason and make appropriate adjustments from product design, raw material and spare parts quality, process production and other links.
The above analysis shows that the quality cost control should be strictly controlled from the initial stage to avoid the accumulation of quality cost accidents to the following links, which is conducive to the reduction of inconsistent costs.
Proposal to strengthen quality cost management
In order to better serve the enterprise and guide the enterprise from simple control of product cost to the comprehensive control of quality cost, the relevant management departments of feed crushing machinery are recommended as follows:
One is the guidance in the training and promotion of production license. It is recommended to consider the relevant knowledge of increasing quality costs in the training and promotion of production licenses for enterprises. Enterprises should strengthen the awareness of quality cost management so that enterprises can correctly understand the dialectical relationship between quality and cost.
The second is guidance in supervision and management. Feed crushing machinery is one of the key supervision products of national and local product quality supervision and random inspections. It is recommended to conduct special seminars on quality costs with enterprises in the form of quality analysis meetings of supervision and random inspections, in-depth discussion of quality cost control models suitable for enterprises themselves.
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